India's mobility transition requires a technology-neutral and outcome-based approach, where multiple clean technologies work together to achieve the common objectives of cleaner air, lower greenhouse gas emissions, reduced dependence on imported crude oil, and affordable mobility.

Recent policy discussions, including recommendations on vehicle efficiency standards and clean mobility pathways, recognize that biofuels will play an increasingly important role in India's transport sector. The introduction of Carbon Neutral Factors (CNF) and derogation factor for Biofuels or biofuels-powered vehicles under proposed regulatory frameworks further reinforce this direction.

As per NITI Aayog, the transition strategy should begin with the phased elimination of polluting diesel vehicles and the adoption of lower-emission technologies such as CNG, hybrids, and electric vehicles. The subsequent phase should advance with the use of biofuels through FFVs, high Bio-CNG blends, and hybrid FFV models, alongside continued growth in EV adoption. The final phase should ensure full deployment of Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) such as EVs, hydrogen based vehicles, FFVs, and CBG-based models. To drive this transition, set segment-specific targets with clear timelines and compliance mechanisms across all vehicle segments.

There is growing recognition that higher ethanol utilization beyond E20 will require accelerated deployment of Flex Fuel Vehicles, Electrified FFVs, and scientifically validated retrofit solutions for existing BS-VI vehicles.

The proposed roundtable aims to bring together policymakers in states, automobile manufacturers, fuel producers, researchers, environmental experts, and industry leaders to deliberate on how India can build an integrated bio-mobility ecosystem powered by indigenous renewable fuels.